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Westfield Garden State Plaza is a two-story, upscale shopping mall located in Paramus, New Jersey, owned and managed by the Westfield Group, and located at the intersection of Route 4 and Route 17 near the Garden State Parkway, about 15 miles west of Manhattan.〔Queally, James; Sherman, Ted; Grant, Jason (November 5, 2013). ("Garden State Plaza shooting suspect killed self in mall, authorities say" ). NJ.com.〕 With of leasable space,〔(Westfield Garden State Plaza ), Westfield Group. Accessed June 6, 2008〕〔(Westfield Garden State Plaza ), International Council of Shopping Centers. Accessed June 6, 2008 shows 2,000,000 ft²〕 and housing over 300 stores,〔 it is the largest mall in New Jersey, the third-largest mall in the New York metropolitan area, and one of the highest-revenue producing malls in the United States. Its department store anchors are J.C. Penney, Lord & Taylor, Macy's, Neiman Marcus and Nordstrom.〔 It was the first large scale shopping mall in New Jersey. The mall had sales of $775 per square foot in 2013, about $320 above the national average; Garden State Plaza is one of the most profitable malls in the country. ==History== Garden State Plaza was built in 1957 by the Muscarelle Construction Company for owner/developer R.H. Macy & Co. as an open-air shopping "plaza".〔Karsian, Dillon. ("Garden State Plaza Reshaped Landscape." ), ''Shopping Center World'', May 1, 1999. Accessed October 20, 2007. "Having undergone periodic renovations and expansions since its spring 1957 debut as an open-air center, the property today stands in the superregional class."〕 The original anchor was Bamberger's (owned by R.H. Macy since 1929). Gimbels and J.C. Penney were added in 1958.〔"Garden State Shopping Center Due to Open May 1 in Paramus; It Will Be Largest in Jersey --Bergen Mall Being Built Less Than a Mile Away", ''The New York Times'', March 20, 1957. p. 49.〕 Total construction costs were $26 million in 1957 for the mall and its original group of 90 stores.〔Verdon, Joan. ("Westfield Garden State Plaza, Paramus" ), ''The Record'', July 27, 2008. Accessed July 30, 2008.〕 Garden State Plaza drew much business from nearby New York towns and cities, whose shoppers wandered across state lines to take advantage of New Jersey's lower sales taxes and its policy that exempted clothing purchases from sales tax. By 1961, it was the world's largest mall.〔 The mall was enclosed between 1981 and 1984 in response to competitive pressure from newer fully enclosed malls such as the Willowbrook Mall in nearby Wayne.〔name=retailtraffic>(Garden State Plaza Reshaped Landscape ), ''Retail Traffic'', May 1, 1999〕 In the late 1980s, the mall added a new lower level by converting a former basement truck tunnel into regular retail. The existing J.C.Penney basement was given a new entrance on the lower level, but since the floors were at slightly different elevations, that entrance features the shortest escalator in North America, at a height of six steps.〔Hill, Jeffrey. ("Taken for a Ride: The insanity of escalators" ), ''Next American City'', Summer 2008. Accessed February 11, 2011. "By contrast, the Garden State Plaza in Paramus, New Jersey, boasts the world’s shortest escalator pair in front of its JCPenney, at a comical height of six steps. Kids play on them while adults use the more practical, non-moving staircases to the left and right." 〕 In 1989, a Nobody Beats the Wiz store was added to the mall site. It closed when The Wiz went out of business and was replaced by a Best Buy. 〔 (26 Wiz Stores Will Be Closed in 2 Months ) ''NYTimes.com'' Accessed October 29, 2015.〕 As part of this expansion, Nordstrom opened its first New Jersey location on September 7, 1990, building a $37 million, ., three-level store on the former Gimbel's site.〔Karsian, Dillon. ("Garden State Plaza Reshaped Landscape" ), ''Retail Traffic'', May 1, 1999. Accessed February 11, 2011. "In May 1990, Nordstrom debuted in New Jersey by constructing a $37 million, 272,000 sq. ft., three-level store on the former Gimbel's site."〕 Lord & Taylor opened a store in the mall in 1996, its seventh in the state at the time. In 1996, Garden State Plaza marked the completion of a $200 million expansion and major remodeling project that added over of retail space and two four level parking structures, Parking Garage A, and Parking Garage B. The downstairs food court was connected to the lower level from the previous expansion. J.C.Penney grew by , and two new anchors were added, a Neiman Marcus on three levels and a Lord & Taylor on two levels, both targeted at the upscale fashion-conscious shopper.〔 A Venetian Carousel was also added at that time of the expansion and remodeling. The carousel is located in front of Macy's. Westfield acquired the mall in 1986 from Macy's in a deal that also included New Jersey's Brunswick Square Mall and Quaker Bridge Mall.〔Gutis, Philip S (November 28, 1987). ("The Talk of Garden State Plaza; Scene at Mall in Jersey: Toys, Tinsel and Frenzy" ). ''The New York Times''. Accessed February 11, 2011. "Mr. Bacon, who took over as general manager after Westfield Inc., an Australia-based developer purchased Garden State Plaza from Macy's last year, said attracting customers to the malls is no real problem. Two million people, he said, live within a 10-mile radius."〕〔Greer, Kimberly (November 7, 1986). ("3 Macy's Centers to Be Sold To Australian Company" ), ''Newsday''. Retrieved February 11, 2011.〕 The Borough of Paramus petitioned the New Jersey Supreme Court to review a decision by borough's Planning Board, asking it to review the plans to construct a "entertainment lifestyle precinct" at the mall that includes a 16-screen AMC movie theater and 10 specialty retail stores, along with a parking lot below the new wing, known as "Parking Garage C".〔Verdon, Joan. ( These aren't your mother's shopping malls ), ''The Record'', February 11, 2007.〕 The petition was turned down, and the mall celebrated its 50th Anniversary with the new expansion and stores opened on May 25, 2007.〔Gartland, Michael (May 19, 2007). (" Epic theater to play its final reel" ). ''The Record''. Retrieved May 19, 2007.〕 In 2013, the mall rebuilt the east parking garage, expanding it to five levels and 1,800 parking spaces. Adjacent were built a new guest services office and a valet lounge. A year later, the mall added a 55,000 square foot wing at a cost of $160 million known as the "Fashion District" that has 22 stores and restaurants.〔(Indoor Parking Garage At Westfield Garden State Plaza- ParamusPost.com ). Accessed November 15, 2015.〕〔(Photos: New $160 million opens at Garden State Plaza- NJ.com ). Accessed November 15, 2015.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Westfield Garden State Plaza」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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